Green Transition
India makes significant progress in renewable energy with solar and wind capacity expansion, green hydrogen mission launch, and steady advancement toward ambitious 2030 clean energy targets.
Current Capacity
Renewable energy status:
Installed Capacity
| Source | Capacity (GW) |
|---|---|
| Solar | 80+ |
| Wind | 45+ |
| Total RE | 180+ |
| Target 2030 | 500 |
Solar Energy
Sun-powered growth:
Solar Progress
| Metric | Status |
|---|---|
| Growth rate | 20%+ annually |
| Utility scale | Major projects |
| Rooftop | Expanding |
| Manufacturing | PLI production |
Wind Energy
Wind power development:
Wind Sector
| Factor | Status |
|---|---|
| Onshore | 45+ GW installed |
| Offshore | Auctions begun |
| Potential | 140 GW offshore |
| Challenges | Grid integration |
Green Hydrogen Mission
Future fuel push:
National Mission
| Aspect | Target |
|---|---|
| Production | 5 MMT by 2030 |
| Investment | ₹20,000 crore |
| Use cases | Steel, transport, fertilizer |
| Electrolyzer | Manufacturing push |
2030 Targets
NDC commitments:
Goals
| Target | Commitment |
|---|---|
| Non-fossil capacity | 500 GW |
| RE share | 50% of capacity |
| Emissions intensity | 45% reduction |
| Net zero | 2070 |
Policy Framework
Government support:
Key Policies
| Policy | Purpose |
|---|---|
| RPO | Mandatory purchase |
| Subsidies | Solar installations |
| PLI | Manufacturing |
| Green bonds | Financing |
Grid Integration
Electricity system:
Challenges and Progress
| Issue | Status |
|---|---|
| Intermittency | Battery storage needed |
| Transmission | Interstate lines |
| Distribution | Discoms' health |
| Flexibility | Coal plant adaptation |
Investment Flows
Capital mobilization:
Funding
| Source | Status |
|---|---|
| Private sector | Major investment |
| International | Climate finance |
| Green bonds | Growing market |
| DFIs | Active |
State Leadership
Regional variations:
Leading States
| State | Strength |
|---|---|
| Tamil Nadu | Wind pioneer |
| Rajasthan | Solar leader |
| Gujarat | Solar parks |
| Karnataka | Solar, wind |
Coal Transition
Conventional energy:
Balancing Act
| Factor | Reality |
|---|---|
| Coal share | Still 60%+ of generation |
| New plants | Some construction |
| Phase-down | Gradual |
| Workers | Just transition concerns |
Corporate Action
Private sector:
RE100 Commitments
| Trend | Status |
|---|---|
| Corporate PPAs | Growing |
| Net zero pledges | Many companies |
| RE procurement | Expanding |
Looking Ahead
Energy transition trajectory:
Priorities
- Storage capacity
- Grid modernization
- Hydrogen ecosystem
- Manufacturing localization
- Just transition
India's green energy transition represents a crucial component of its development strategy, balancing climate commitments with energy security and economic growth.
